Inorganic zirconium salt/mixed acid-based polyurethane (WPU) emulsion of high solid content was synthesized via acetone method，using polycaprolactone diol (PCL-1000) as soft chain segment, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as hard chain segment, dimethylmethyl butyric acid (DMBA), 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-ethanesulfonicacidmonosodiumsalt (AAS), and sodium diamine sulfonate (PPS) as hydrophilic chain extender, ammonium zirconium carbonate (AZC) as crosslinking agent. The resultant emulsions were designated as DMBA based WPU, DMBA/AAS based WPU, DMBA/PPS based WPU, respectively. The structure of WPU containing sulfonic acid groups and Zr was confirmed by infrared spectroscopic analysis. Effects of the ratio of carboxyl acid to sulfonic acid and zirconium carbonate were systematically investigated. Compared with pure DMBA based WPU emulsion, the particle size of the WPU emulsion prepared with ammonium zirconium carbonate increased from 81.8nm to 114.8nm, and the T10%(℃) and T50%(℃) of the film increased from 207.25℃to 303.41℃, 338.8℃ to 363.17℃, respectively. It demonstrated the introduction of ammonium zirconium carbonate improved the thermal stability of the film.The WPU emulsion prepared with 7:3 DMBA/AAS displayed the optimum properties, the solid content increased from 50.8% to 51.2%, the water absorption increased from 25% to 12.97%, tensile strength increased from 18.88MPa to 49.9MPa, elongation at break increased from 337.28% to 411.12%, and the peel strength increased from 9.24N/cm to 15.21N/cm, respectively. In comparison with DMBA/PPS based WPU, DMBA/AAS based WPU was endowed with better performance.