The minimum inhibitory concentration of HBA/M-β-CD on seven test bacteria was determined by two-fold dilution method. Take Staphylococcus aureus and enterobacter sakazakii as indicator bacteria, the effect of metal ions and food additives on antimicrobial activity was studied. The result showed that the HBA/M-β-CD inclusion complex has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against the tested strains, except for S. paratyphi A. And the MICs of HBA/M-β-CD against S. aureus and E. sakazakii were 16.25μg/mL and 32.5μg/mL respectively. The metal ion Ca2 , K , Na , Mg2 , Zn2 have no significant effect on their antibacterial activity of inclusion complex, conversely, Fe2 /3 , Cu2 showed significant effects on the antibacterial activity. Furthermore, for food additives, there were no significant effect on antibacterial activity of NaNO2 and sodium benzoate, and a slight effect for E. sakazakii were observed on increasing the activity of Na2SO3 and decreasing the activity of potassium sorbate in a high concentration. However, antimicrobial activity decreased with the addition of H2O2 and KMnO4 in high concentration.