The volatile components in the extract of Trollius chinensis Bunge were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the extract was used as cigarette flavor. The results showed that 28 kinds of compounds were identified, including lauric acid, myristic acid, ethyl palmitate, tricosane, dihydroactinidiolide, olenci aid ethyl, hexadecylic acid, tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester, linalool, β-ionone, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-Pentadecanone, cis-jasmone etc; Most of the components are the important components in cigarette smoke. The smoking quality of cigarette was improved by the extract, the irritation was obviously reduced, the smoke was smoothed.