The synthesis of N-Hydroxyalkyl-4-piperidones was studied. N-Hydroxyalkyl-4-piperidones can be obtained from aminoalcohols and methyl acrylate through Michael reaction, followed by Dieckmann cyclization and decarboxylation in the yield of 21.9%~45.6%. The amount of sodium methoxide was investigated in the Dieckmann cyclization and the best result was received under the molar ratio 1:1.6 of diadduct to sodium methoxide. The by-products through aldol condensation and chloro substitution were separated and characterized in the process of synthesizing N-6’-hydroxyhexyl-4-piperidone.