The derivatives of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural are important materials for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers. It can be formed by the dehydration of D-fructose in the presence of acid catalyst. The activity of heteropoly acid and its salts was investigated. In addition, the effect of the temperature, addition of PVP, and the charging method were studied. The results showed that elevated temperature favor high yield and the Cs salt of Phosphotungstic acid, especially CsH2PW12O40, gave good results. HMF was obtained in 77.9% yield while using 1 mol% CsH2PW12O40 as catalyst, 20 wt% PVP as addictive, and react at 155 oC for 5 min.