The 4-fluorobenzoylhydrazide (2) was prepared by esterification and hydrazinolysis of 4-fluorobenzoic acid (1). 4-Fluorobenzoylhydrazide (2) reacted with aromatic formaldehydes to give 4-fluorobenzoylhydrazones (3a-3h). The cyclization dehydration of 4-fluorobenzoylhydrazones with mercaptoacetic acid afforded 2-aryl-3-(4-fluorobenzoylamino)-4-thiazolidinones (4a-4h). The structures of 4a-4hwere confirmed by elementary analyses, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectra，and their in vitro anticancer activity against the three cancer cell lines of HepG-2, A549-1 and 231-2 was evaluated. The bioactive assay showed that 4b and 4f exhibited a significant anticancer activity.