A series of biquaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactants with ester group was prepared with succinic anhydride,N,N-dimethylethanolamine,CnH2n+1Br (n=10,12,14,16,18) as raw materials.The structure of the obtained product were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and its solution properties were investigated with surface tensiometer, conductivity meter, fluorescence spectroscopy (FLD), optical contact angle measuring device and interface tensiometer. The results show that the GSn-EG-n was endowed with high surface activity. With the increase of hydrophobic chain length, the surfactants easily associated and aggregated to gether to form micelles, and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of GS18-EG-18 decreased to 2.14×10-5mol/L. The minimum surface tension (γcmc) of 33.50mN/m was determined for GS14-EG-14. Moreover, by measuring the conductivity of the solution at different temperatures, it was found that the CMC value increased with the increase of temperature. The emulsification and wettability tests demonstrated that oil and water separation time of 180min in the emulsion system for GS14-EG-14, and its minimum contact angle on the PTFE of 69.3o were measured, indicating that GS14-EG-14 was possesssed excellent emulsifying power and wetting property. In the GS18-EG-18 system, the oil / water interfacial tension was reduced to 8.3×10-3 mN•m-1 for 28 min, and the final oil displacement efficiency was 54.2%.