Bacterial cellulose (BC)/ polylactic acid (PLA) composite film was prepared with PLA by A. Xylinum which could synthesize BC. Using the drug-loading rate as a indicator, the fermentation time, electrospinning speed and volume of PLA solution were studied to optimize the process of BC/PLA composite film. The chemical groups, thermal properties, mechanical properties, crystallinity and surface morphology of the BC/PLA composite film were analyzed by FTIR, TG, tensile test, XRD and SEM. The results indicated that the volume of PLA solution showed a small effect, and the optimal process was determined as follows: the electrospinning speed was 0.15 mm/s, the fermentation time was 36 h, the drug-loading rate of BC/PLA composite film could reach to 2.51 mg /g in the potassium diclofenate solution (15 mg/L). FTIR, TG, tensile test, XRD and SEM results showed that BC and PLA could be combined successfully, through which the thermal properties and mechanical properties of PLA could be improved, and the composite film had a three-dimensional porous net-work structure. The drug-releasing process of film conformed to the first-order release dynamics model.