Inspired by the adhesion of mussels in nature, a facile green approach to the synthesis of silvernanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded montmorillonite composite antibacterial particle (MMT-AgNPs) functionalized by using polydopamine (PDA) as a secondary reaction platform is reported.And polylactide（PLA）/PDA/MMT-AgNPs composite antibacterial film with different filler loading was prepared by the solvent evaporation method. Thematerial composition, phase structure, microstructureand thermal stability of MMT-AgNPs were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM and TGA.The microstructure, physical properties and antimicrobial activity of PLA/PDA/MMT-AgNPs composite antibacterial film were also studied. And the results showed that the modification of polydopamine made the silver nanoparticles successfully loaded on MMT and the loading of AgNPs was 3.4%wt.The PDA modified MMT remained the original phase structure. Thetensile strength of PLA/PDA/MMT-AgNPs composite antibacterial film increased significantly with a maximum increase of 32.6%. Because of the synergistic antibacterial effect of PDA and AgNPs,the antimicrobial ability of MMT-AgNPs filled PLA composites at very low content of MMT-AgNPs is remarkable for S. aureus and E. coli ,and the bacteriostasis rate was up to 95%.