The urea-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent was applied to extract the wool keratin. The optimum conditions were dissolution temperature 130℃, dissolution time 180 min, and mass ratio of wool to urea-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent 1:33. FTIR, Raman, XRD, SDS-PAGE and TGA were used to characterize the structure of pristine wool and regenerated wool keratin. The results indicated the backbone of regenerated wool keratin was maintained during the process of dissolution. Compared with pristine wool fiber, the content ofα-helix structure in regenerated wool keratin was decreased, and the heat resistance was reduced.