Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water, ethanol, D-limonene, silica gel and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were employed to prepare the peel-off type dry cleaning agents in order to develop environmentally friendly, non-toxic, dust-free and portable dry cleaning agents. The mass fractions of PVA, CMC, silica gel and D-limonene were set as the independent variables, and the decontamination efficiency was set as the dependent variable. The four-factor and seven-level uniform design test was adopted. The results were analyzed by SPSS software and the mathematical model was obtained. The model was calculated by MATLAB software, and the optimized ratios (mass fractions) were: 4.5% for PVA 2488, 1.5% for CMC, 7.5% for 800 mesh silica gel and 11% for D-limonene. The decontamination efficiency of the prescription reached 97.08%. FTIR and SEM were employd to characterize the structure of the fabric and the membrane obtained by dry cleaning agent and analyze the decontamination principle. The physical properties of fabric were tested. The results showed that the dry cleaning agent had good decontamination effects on dust particles and oil stains, and there was little residue on the fabric, and the fabric still retained good clothing performance.