In order to improve the dyeing properties of naphthoquinone natural dyes on cotton fabrics, the compound of citric acid and tartaric acid was used for crosslinking dyeing. The structure of cotton fabrics before and after dyeing was analyzed by SEM and FTIR, the dyeing properties, the physical properties and the dyeing mechanism of cotton fabrics before and after dyeing were also discussed. The results showed that the 1, 4-naphthoquinone natural dyes were bonded to the fabrics by ester bonds, the surface of cotton fabrics became rough after crosslinking dyeing.Compared with direct dyeing cotton fabrics, the dyeing rate and K/S value of the cotton fabrics of crosslinking dyeing with citric acid and tartaric acid were increased by 21% and 83% respectively,the good levelness property was obtained. At the same time, the yellow light and the color saturation increased, and the rubbing fastness and washing fastness increased by about 1~3 levels, the crease resistance was enhanced by about 50%，and the water contact angle increased by 9% .