A novel fluorescence probe NH1 for detection hydrazine was synthesized based on 4- bromo-1, 8-naphthalimide, P-aminophenol and 3-bromocinnamic acid. The probe exhibited good specific response to hydrazine. The structure was confirmed by 1H NMR and MS. The fluorescence intensity at the maximum emission wavelength (λem = 535 nm) of the probe NH1 was increased with the addition of hydrazine. And it showed a good linear relationship. The linear correlation coefficient was R2 = 0.99. The detection limit was 0.23 μmol/L. In addition, the probe has good selectivity and anti-interference ability, and can adapt to a large pH range from 4.5 to 10.5. NH1 successfully stained the cells and detected hydrazine in cells.