疏水花生壳/聚氨酯复合泡沫的制备与油水分离性能
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陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院

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国家自然科学基金面上项目(22178207);陕西省教育厅重点科技专项项目(协同创新中心项目)(20JY003);陕西省重点科技创新团队(2020TD-009)


Preparation and oil-water separation properties of hydrophobic peanut shell/polyurethane composite foam
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College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology

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    摘要:

    为提高聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)的疏水性能,首先采用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)对花生壳粉末(PSP)进行改性,得到疏水改性花生壳粉末(H-PSP)。水接触角测试结果表明,改性后H-PSP的水接触角由PSP的0°提高至145.2°。然后采用预聚体法制备了PUF负载H-PSP复合材料(H-PSP-PUF-n,n为H-PSP占聚氨酯预聚体PPU的质量分数)。对H-PSP-PUF-n的结构和性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明,H-PSP的负载提高了泡沫材料的表面粗糙度和力学性能,H-PSP的最佳负载量为PPU质量的10%(H-PSP-PUF-10)。与PUF相比,H-PSP-PUF-10的静态水接触角达到142.4°,较PUF提高了50.4°。对二氯甲烷、石油醚、煤油、二甲苯、环己烷五种油品进行油水分离实验,结果表明,H-PSP-PUF-10对不同油品的吸油倍率在7~9 g/g,而且具有良好的油水选择性。经15次吸附-脱附循环后,H-PSP-PUF-10对各油品的吸油倍率在6.5~8.0 g/g,具有良好的循环利用性。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the hydrophobic properties of polyurethane foam (PUF), peanut shell powder (PSP) was firstly modified by hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) to prepare the hydrophobic modified peanut shell powder (H-PSP). The testing results of water contact angle showed that the water contact angle of modified H-PSP was increased from 0° of PSP to 145.2°. Then, PUF loaded with H-PSP composites (H-PSP-PUF-n, n is the mass fraction of H-PSP in polyurethane prepolymer PPU) were prepared by prepolymer method. The structure and properties of H-PSP-PUF-n were characterized and tested. The results showed that the loading of H-PSP on PUF improved the surface roughness and mechanical properties of foams. The optimal loading capacity of H-PSP was optimized to be 10% of the mass of PPU (H-PSP-PUF-10). Compared with PUF, the static water contact angle of H-PSP-PUF-10 reached to 142.4°, which was higher 50.4° than that of PUF. The oil-water separation experiments of dichloromethane, petroleum ether, kerosene, xylene and hexamethylene were carried out. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of H-PSP-PUF-10 for different oils was 7~9 g/g, as well as it had good oil-water selectivity. After 15 cycles of adsorption-desorption, the adsorption capacity of H-PSP-PUF-10 for different oils was about 6.5~8.0 g/g, which had excellent recyclability.

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任龙芳,汤正,胡艳,强涛涛.疏水花生壳/聚氨酯复合泡沫的制备与油水分离性能[J].精细化工,2023,40(2):

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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-29
  • 最后修改日期:2022-08-04
  • 录用日期:2022-08-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-10-25
  • 出版日期: 2022-09-30