Due to its unique triplet state luminescence mechanism, room temperature phosphorescent materials have the characteristics of large Stokes shift and long excited state lifetime. However, traditional room temperature phosphorescent materials mostly contain heavy metal atoms, resulting in biological toxicity and environmental pollution problems, which limit their application. Pure organic room temperature phosphorescence materials, by contrast, low production cost, low toxicity and can be through molecular engineering of flexible design and structure of organic modified to make it more luminous characteristics, in the security encryption, organic electroluminescent, biological imaging, sensing detection has good application prospect, is inorganic phosphor material potential substitutes, Therefore, researchers have paid much attention to it. In this review, we summarized the research progress of organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in anti-counterfeiting encryption, organic electroluminescence, biological imaging and sensing detection in recent years, briefly summarizes the problems, and outlook the possible development direction in the future.