1-Methyl-glucose was obtained from δ-gluconolactone via three steps. δ-gluconolactone was protected by TMSCl firstly. Subsequently the addition reaction was employed to form TMS protected 1-methyl-glucose (Ⅱ), and then 1-methyl-glucose (Ⅲ) was obtained by hydrolysis of compound (Ⅱ) using acid cation exchange resin in acetonitrile solution. The target compound was confirmed by 1HNMR, 13CNMR and HRMS. The thermal pyrolysis behavior of 1-methyl-glucose was also investigated using on-line pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS).The results indicated that the compound (Ⅲ) synthesized was 1-methyl-α-D-glucose, and under these optimal conditions, the yield of compound (Ⅲ) was 86%. 1-Methyl-glucose could be transformed to corresponding glucoside easily in alcohol catalyzed by acid. The synthesized 1-methyl-glucose after pyrolysis could release 2-acetylfuran, 5-methyl-2-acetylfuran, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-acetylfuran and other aromatic components, which could be used in food, tobacco and other industries.