Due to its unique amphiphilic structural characteristics, amphiphilic starches (AS) are dissolved in selective solvents can self-assemble to form spherical micelles with a core-shell structure under the push of hydrophobic force. The micelles can enclose hydrophobic guests and confine them in space to form supramolecular inclusion compounds. AS self-assembly expands the application range of starch as a carrier. This article summarizes the principles, preparation methods, and influencing factors of the self-assembly of AS, introduces the research progress in the application of this method in the fields of food, medicine, and industry, and puts forward the current problems in the field of self-assembly of AS, and possible future research directions.