Abstract：The synthetic method of typical antivius agent of pyrimidine nucleoside lamivudine is reported.(1R)-(-)-Menthyl glyoxylate hydrate was synthesized from L-menthol and glyoxylic acid by a five-step way including esterification,cyclization,chlorination,condensation and reduction. In the synthesis process of MGH, the perfect molar ratio was n(L-menthol):n(glyoxylic acid)=3:1; In the synthesis process of NA, triphosgene replaced dimethyl sulfoxide and the yield was 60.3%. NA was reduced to lamivudine using sodium borohydride- methanol -THF system，which gave the 84.8% yield.The total yield reached 30.9% and the objective product was characterized with MS and IR