Based on the mechanism of free radical polymerization and graft copolymerization, nanocellulose whiskers(NCW) was polymerized with acrylic monomer using potassium persulfate as the initiator. The graft copolymer was characterized using several analytical techniques such as FTIR, TEM, TGA, and the conductometric titration method, which was used to calculate the grafting yield. The effects of reaction conditions on the graft yield and graft efficiency were investigated. It is showed that the graft copolymer with higher grafting yield and graft efficiency was obtained when the contents of initiator is 4mmol/L, the molar ratio of NCW and AA is 1:1.5, the initiate time and reaction time were 10min and 6h, respectively.The acrylic monomers graft on NCW can improve the dispersion stability and thermal stability of NCW.