In order to enhance the aging resistance and permeability of acrylate used as protection of damaged seriously silicate cultural relics, nano SiO2 obtained by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions of tetraethoxysilanewas added to polyacrylate via blending method. The physical appearance，viscosity，glass transition temperature，molecular structure and physical properties of composites were evaluated by spectrophotometer，advanced rotational rheometer，DSC, ATR-FTIR and SEM. The selected modified material was used for protection of pottery samples，the permeability and compressive strength of the treated samples were tested. The results indicated the modified material A7 added 7.0 percent of silica sol gave transparent membranes, obtained better thermal resistance, aging resistance and penetration. What’s more，A7 had excellent performance in the protection of the damaged seriously silicate cultural relics.