The comb-like amphiphilic SMA ramification, SMA-g-O-3、SMA-g-O-6、SMA-g-O-10、SMA-g-O-15 and SMA-g-O-20, were prepared by graftying aliphatic alcohol ether onto SMA. The esterification rate was confirmed by measuring the changes of SMA and esterification product acid value. And the best conversion is over 90%. The esterification rate can reach 95.62% as the reduce of EO in aliphatic alcohol ether; The water-solubility and solution surface activity of those esterfied polymers were studied systematically by measuring the worthy before and after being esterfied, and calculating the esterification rate. The results show that the water–solubility of SMA-g-O-20 was better that others; the surface tension of sodium SMA aqueous solution decreased with the decrease of the mass concentration at 25℃, without forming a inflection point on the curve of the surface tension vs. mass concentration; however, the surface activity of motified SMA ramification is improved greatly ; SMA-g-O-15 aqueous solution exhibits excellent surface activity with a CMC of 0.008g/L and a γCMC of 26.31mN/m.