The wall material which is an important part of the microencapsulation,determines the characteristics of the microencapsulation. In this paper，the wall materials were sodium alginate etc , the high-voltage electrostatic microcapsule forming device was used , the qualified rate was chosen as the indicator, the Box-Behnken central composite design and response surface analysis were used, the main factors which affect the microcapsules were regression modeling and optimization. The optimal wall materials were 1.53% of sodium alginate, 4.52% of polyvinyl alcohol , 1% of gelatin content, 1% of glycerol , the 22.86g/L of encysted solution of calcium chloride ,and the qualified rate of microencapsulation was 87.37%. The special stability and strength of wall material ratio which provide reference for the microencapsulation of food, medicine were obtained.