An ammonium gemini surfactant (C16-2-C16?Br-) was synthesized by Bromohexadecane and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine. The synthetic technology was optimized by single factor analysis method. The optimical synthesis condition was received when the molar ratio of Bromohexadecane and N,N,N',N'–tetramethyl- ethylenediamine was 2.1, reaction temperature and time were 80℃and 24h, respectively. The chemical structure was characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy and 1HNMR. The influencing factors, such as surfactant mass concentration, temperature and shear rate, on the viscosity behavior of C16-2-C16?Br- solution were investigated. The viscosity of the gemini surfactant solution increase with the rise of mass concentration, decline sharply and then essentially unchange with the increase of temperature and shear rate. The flow index was lower than 0.6, calculated by Ostwald-de Wale power-law equation, and it indicates that the solution is pseudoplastic fluid.