A low cost superabsorbent resin, PWR-g-PAA/PGS, based on the potato waste residue (PWR, particle size>180 mesh) as the source of cellulose and starch, was prepared by free radical graft copolymerization of partly-neutralized acrylic acid (AA) on the chain of PWR mixed with palygorskite (PGS) in aqueous solution. The copolymerization was carried out using N, N?methylene double acrylamide (MBA) as cross-linking agent and potassium persulfate (KSB) as initiator. The morphology, structure and thermal stability of the polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The water-absorption capability of the polymers was also determined. The results showed that the superabsorbent resin bears the maximum absorption amount of 41.0 g/g for 0.9% NaCl solution, 136.0 g/g for tap water, 538.6 g/g for distilled water. Water retention rate was 96.1%, Gel strength was 11.3 kPa when the total adding amount of palygorskite and potato waste residue accounts for 17.5% in PWR-g-PAA/PGS. The swelling dynamics model of the resin was non-Fickon diffusion.