Oil-based surfactants have received widespread attention because of their lower cost and environmental friendly. A novel oil-based surfactant sodium dodecanoyl diphenyl sulfide sulfonate was synthesized from lauroyl chloride and diphenyl sulfide by F-C acylation reaction, followed by sulfonation and neutralization. Structures and contents of the intermediate and the final product were identified by means of FT-IR and 1H NMR and HPLC. Some performances of the surfactant, such as Krafft point (TK), surface tension (γ), critical micelle concentration (cmc), and electrolyte resistance were measured. TK of the surfactant is lower than 0 oC, and cmc and γcmc are respectively 4.38×10-4 mol/L and 37.63 mN/m at 25 oC. The LSDP of the surfactant is 26% (wt%), and it can soluble in aqueous solution of 9.7%(wt%) NaOH, 14.5%(wt%) CaCl2, 24.3%(wt%) NaCl and 30.9%(wt%) HCl, respectively. The experimental results showed that the surfactant has excellent water solubility at low temperature, good lime soap dispersing power and strong electrolyte resistance.