The change of wall material content (0.4%、0.6%、0.8%), fragrance content (0.4%、0.6%、0.8%) and emulsifier content (2%、3%、4%) had respectively an influence on the rheology of rose fragrance-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanocapsules via emulsion polymerization. Steady state test showed that apparent viscosity decreased to 0.006 Pa.s with the increase of shear rate from 0.001 s-1 to 500 s-1, which presented shear thinning rheological property of pseudoplastic fluid; apparent viscosity increased 10 times with the increase of wall material content, fragrance content and emulsifier content. Dynamic test indicated that enhanced viscoelasticity resulted from the increase of fragrance content and emulsifier content; dynamic modulus had complex changes with the increase of wall material content. The steady state rheological curves of different formulation rose fragrance nanocapsules were fitted well by Cross equation and Carreau equation, and the standard error was mostly controlled within 10.