The essential oil of the fruit of Phellodendron amurense was extracted with steam distillation and its constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activities were screened by DPPH radical-scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays. The cytotoxic activity of the essential oil against HeLa, A-549 and BGC-823 human tumor cell lines was investigated by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) method. GC-MS analysis identified 39 components of the essential oil. The major constituents were β-pinene, β-caryophyllene oxide, 3-methylene-4-isopropenylcyclohexanol and cembrene. The essential oil showed weak antioxidant activity in the DPPH and β-carotene tests. The essential oil showed no cytotoxic activity on A-549 and BGC-823. However, it is worth to note that the essential oil showed high cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cell lines.