Monoglycerides were produced from fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol solution catalyzed by La2O3/MgO. The purification and characterization of products were carried out by thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid (HPLC), infared spectroscopy(FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR). The influence of some reaction conditions on the yield of monoglycerides was investigated. The results show that IR characteristic of monoglycerides was consistent with literature reported, and 1H NMR indicated that the product was a mixture of linoleic acid monoglyceride and palmitic acid monoglyceride. The optimum reaction conditions as follows: reaction temperature 240℃, catalyst amount 0.75% (based on the mass of fatty acid methyl ester), moral ratio of fatty acid methyl ester to glycerol 1:2 (mole ratio) and the reaction time 2.5h, and the yield can reach 70.53% under the condition.