Novel Gum Arabic （GA）graft 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonicacid (AMPS) and acrylamido (AM) biomass resin adsorption (GA-g-PAM/AMPS) was synthesized by grafting polymerization. The structure of superabsorbent resin were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM, respectively. The effects of various solutions on swelling properties were evaluated. The results showed that GA, AM and AMPS happened the grafting copolymerization reaction. The resin containing10wt% GA showed the highest water absorbency of 835g/g and 96g/g in the deionized water and in normal saline, respectively. Swelling behaviors revealed that introduction of GA simultaneously into the polymeric network could improve the water absorption capacity and pH stability of superabsorbent resin.The resin showed remarkable sensitivity and reversible characteristics in pH solutions. The water absorbency of the superabsorbent decreases with increasing metal ions and concentration of various external saline solutions，surfactant solutions showed greater influence on the swelling behaviors. Superabsorbent polymer had a good performance of water retention capacity.