With Corn starch (St), methyl acrylate (MA) and L- arginine (L-Arg) as raw materials, basic amino acids were introduced into the starch molecules by the two step of esterification and ammonolysis process ,the antibacterial modified starch (StMA-Arg) was prepared. The reaction mechanism was introduced, the structures of the products were characterized by Raman spectroscopy (RAM) and X- ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the reaction conditions were optimized by single factor experiments. The antibacterial films were prepared by using the modified starch as raw material. The hydrophobic properties, mechanical properties, antibacterial activity and stability of the films were investigated. The results showed that the mechanical properties of StMA-Arg film were significantly improved compared with native starch film, and the hydrophobicity of the film was enhanced. StMA-Arg film showed obvious antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli, and the bacteriostatic circle was small, which belongs to contact bacteriostasis. The results of weight loss experiment showed that the weight loss rate of StMA-Arg film was 27.90% after 40D, which was much lower than that of native starch film (40D weight loss rate was 72.15%) . As a potential substrate for environmental remediation, the enhance in antibacterial activity and the degradation resistance of StMA-Arg and its films were of great significance to improving the stability of starch-type natural polymer materials, prolonging its service life and expanding its application scope, so as to realizing its industrial application in the field of environmental remediation.