3- butyl -5,5-dimethylhydantoin Ammonium Salt (BDMH)was Synthesized. The product was separated and purified by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The structure of BDMHI were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), H- nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (1HNMR), C- nuclear magnetic resonances spectrum (13CNMR). The corrosion inhibition performance and adsorption behavior of BDMHI for Q235 steel in 6% HCl solution were investigated using weight loss measurements, polarization cure , electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) methods and AFM. The results showed that BDMHI had excellent corrosion inhibition performance, and both cathodic and anodic processes of Q235 steel corrosion were suppressed. Inhibition efficiency increased with the increase of concentration, and The highest inhibition efficiency was 91.25%. We found that the adsorption of BDMHI on Q235 steel could be fitted to a Langmuir isotherm equation, and it belonged to a mix-type adsorption, which was mainly dominated by chemisorption.