Surfactant flooding used in tertiary oil recovery is a kind of crucial method for stable oil production and increasing oil production. Along with the continuing research and exploitation of high-temperature reservoir, it becomes more important and deserved to do research on high-temperature resistant surfactants. According to the characteristics of high-temperature reservoir and its development status in China, high-temperature resistant surfactants was divided into anionic-nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, Gemini surfactants and fluorocarbon surfactants four types. What’s more, surfactants reviewed in this paper were also compared and it was found that some factors such as group and molecular structure can influence surfactant on its ability of temperature resistance. It was also pointed out that one of the most important direction of surfactant development is to do research on high-temperature resistant surfactant with the ability of biodegradation. At the same time, some suggestions about the synthesize of Gemini surfactant and the application of fluorocarbon surfactant were put off.