Temperature change with time (T-t) and pressure change with time (P-t) during the oxidation of 1,3-butadiene were measured by mini closed pressure vessel test (MCPVT). The kinetics of initial oxidation of 1,3-butadiene was calculated by P-t plot. Results showed that 1, 3-butadiene not reaction was detected under nitrogen even when the temperature reached 388.15 K. The oxidation of 1,3-butadiene with oxygen occurred in the range of 343.15 K ~ 383.15 K, and the pressure in the reactor decreased. The kinetics of the initial oxidation of 1,3-butadiene with oxygen is a second-order reaction. In addition, the pseudo first-order oxidation kinetics of two special conditions of oxygen excessive and 1,3-butadiene excessive were studied. The thermodynamic parameters of the transition state are also discussed. The results showed that the thermal oxidation of 1, 3-butadiene was an orderly molecular number reduction process. The oxidation products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and iodometry, the products were furan and peroxides.