Mesoporous materials have unique pore structure, large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, dimensional order and other characteristics. Hence, they have broad application prospects in photochemistry, biological simulation, catalysis, separation, functional materials and so on. Based on this, this paper summarized the latest research progress in the preparation of mesoporous materials by template method. And the main factors that affect the pore size regulation and morphology change of mesoporous materials, such as the types of template agents, organic auxiliaries and reaction conditions, were reviewed. At last, the future development trend of the mesoporous materials was prospected.