Silicon-based anode material has become a hot topic in the field of new energy lithium-ion battery anode material because of its theoretical ratio of 4200mAh/g. However, due to the volume expansion rate of silicon-based material stoking rate of up to 400%, after multiple charge and discharge cycle, the silicon particles will rupture and powder it on the electrode substrate easily shed, resulting in the rapid decay of battery capacity, short life of the technical defects. In order to alleviate the stress caused by the huge volume change of silicon particles and maintain electrode integrity, scientific researchers at home and abroad from the composition of the battery, the active materials, conductive agents, binders, electrolytes and other systematic research, in which the polymer binder modification is a high life, anti-attenuation of one of the more effective means. Based on the excellent properties of lithium-ion silicon-based anode materials and the research status of lithium-ion battery anode bonding materials, the molecular chain design of silicon-based anode composition, structure, performance, action principle, molecular-to-molecular mechanism and anegative adhesive is reviewed, the influence law on the electrochemical properties of silicon-based lithium-ion battery is discussed, and theoretical and practical guidance is provided for the application and development of lithium-ion battery silicon-based negative-adhesive materials.