Electrode materials are the principal factor, which of affecting electrochemical energy storage system performance, nowadays, research on the improvement of performances is focused on structural optimization and introduction of heteroatom. Carbon-based material, which is prepared by melamine resin as precursor, has excellent capacitive performance and recycle ability in the application of electrode materials of electrochemical energy storage, due to its ample open-framework structure and nitrogen atoms doping. This paper discusses the influence of porous structure on material performance from the porous control method such as activation method, template-carbonization method, and mixed polymer carbonization method. Meanwhile, this paper reviews the carbon-based material which prepared by melamine resin as precursor, and analyzes its research status and development trend for current battery and super capacitor.