Durable superhydrophobic coatings were prepared on paper substrate by a solution-spraying method using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silicon dioxide nanospheres (SiO2) doped poly(fluoreneyl ether ketone) (PFEK). When the doping amounts of PDMS and SiO2 were both 2 wt.%, the water contact angle (WCA) of the coating was 170? and the sliding angle (SA) was 1?. From scanning electron microscope (SEM) it can be seen that the SiO2 was anchored on the surface of paper fiber by the polymer binder; the coating showed micro-nano scale roughness. According to the Cassie model, it can be inferred that the superhydrophobicity was arisen from the air accumulated under such rough surface, which suppresses the water infiltration. The WCA of the PFEK/PDMS/SiO2 coated paper was 152? after 40 cycles of wearing tests and 151? after 12 times of folding tests, suggesting that the PFEK/PDMS/SiO2 coating has excellent mechanical stability. The PFEK/PDMS/SiO2 coating enhanced the tensile strength of the paper from 10.1 MPa to 30.9 MPa, and the tensile strength was maintained after the paper was immersed in water for 15 minutes. In addition, due to its superhydrophobic property, dust and other contaminants can be easily removed by the falling water droplets, thus providing a self-cleaning surface. Moreover, the PFEK/PDMS/SiO2 coated paper can resistant the contamination of viscous mud. Therefore, the PFEK/PDMS/SiO2 coated paper is expected to have a broad application prospect.