With the rapid development of wearable electronics, higher requirements are desired for the flexible energy storage devices. Fiber-shaped supercapacitors demonstrate great potential applications on wearable electronics, benefiting from their good flexibility, light weight, high power density, long cycling life and fast charge-discharge. Carbon nanotube fiber, graphene fiber, carbon fiber is considered as the promising electrodes for the fiber-shaped supercapacitors owing to their high electrical conductivities. In this article, we review the recent progress on fiber-shaped supercapacitors including the preparation of carbon nanotube-based, graphene fiber-based, carbon fiber-based supercapacitors, their electrochemical performances, and applications of fiber-shaped supercapacitors. Finally, we summarize the current challenges of the fiber-shaped supercapacitors, and predict and prospect further research trends of the fiber-shaped supercapacitors.