Attapulgite supported NHCs as recyclable and efficient catalysts for benzoin reactions
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    Abstract:

    In this paper, five different NHCs catalyst precursors were grafted onto the surface of attapulgite to form five supported NHCs catalysts. The five catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, BET and SEM, and characterization results showed that NHCs catalyst precursors were successfully immobilized on the surface of the attapulgite. Further experimental results showed that these supported NHCs can be used as efficient catalysts for benzoin condensations. Then, the optimal conditions of the benzoin condensation catalyzed by these supported catalysts were explored. It was discovered that the optimized conditions employed BTBCl@ATP (Catalyst B, 1 mmol% imidazolium salt) as catalyst, 0.4 equiv. NaOH as base and 2ml CH3OH as solvents at 110oC in Ar atmosphere. Under this optimized condition, the supported NHCs catalyst could catalyze benzoin reactions of various aromatic aldehydes with 61-86% yields. The reuse experiment of the catalyst showed that these supported catalysts can be simply separated from the reaction system, and the catalytic activity of these supported catalysts does not decline significantly after reuse for four times.

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History
  • Received:October 15,2021
  • Revised:December 27,2021
  • Adopted:December 27,2021
  • Online: April 11,2022
  • Published:
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