Keratin is extracted from cheap hair, and different forms of keratin-based drug carriers are developed to improve the activity and bioavailability of drugs, which not only increase the utility value of hair, but also realize energy conservation & emission reduction. So it meets with the stainable development strategy. Disulfide reconstruction, free radical polymerization, polysaccharide modification and alkylation of keratin can confer excellent functional properties to keratin-based carriers, in order to further widen its application scope as drug carriers. Keratin can be processed into nanoparticles, fiber scaffold, hydrogel and other forms for drug delivery. As a structural protein with high sulfur content and good cell compatibility, keratin-based drug carriers play a important role in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and other fields.