Fe3O4 nanoparticles were dispersed in eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) matrix by mechanical machining to prepare magnetic and thermal dual response shape memory Fe3O4/EUG composites. The relationship between the content of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the magnetic heating rate, response shape recovery, dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and mechanical properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were investigated. The results showed that Fe3O4 aggregated slightly in the EUG matrix when Fe3O4 nanoparticles are added over 30 phr. Fe3O4 has a reinforcing effect, and the mechanical properties of Fe3O4/EUG composites are improved at high temperature (Tm+20 ℃). The tensile strength of Fe3O4/EUG-50 is 47% higher than that of EUG. By DMA test, the fixation rate and recovery rate of Fe3O4/EUG composites were over 98% after three cycles. The Fe3O4/EUG composites could realize rapid non-contact heating with the increase of Fe3O4 addition in the induction magnetic field, and the shape recovery can be achieved within 12 s.