Alkyd resin has many advantages, such as fullness, brightness, good adhesion, biodegradability and so on. It is widely used in vehicle, ship, paint and coating industries. However, the durability of alkyd resin coating is poor, and it is vulnerable to external friction stress in the process of use, which makes the protective effect of the coating ineffective. Therefore, enhance the mechanical properties of alkyd resin coating so that it is not easy to be damaged in the process of use is still the focus of attention. It is very important to improve the wear resistance of alkyd resin coating. On the basis of consulting a large number of literatures, this paper summarizes the synthesis methods of waterborne alkyd resin, the factors affecting the wear resistance of waterborne alkyd resin and the abrasion resistance modification of waterborne alkyd resin. At present, the main methods to improve the abrasion resistance of alkyd resin coating are to improve the synthesis process and modify the alkyd resin with functional materials, and improve the properties of alkyd resin from the aspects of coating strength, hardness and toughness. In this paper, the development trend of abrasion resistance waterborne alkyd resin in the future is prospected in order to provide reference and guidance for relevant workers. The author analyzes that the progress of abrasion resistance alkyd resin in the future mainly focuses on the discovery of biological raw materials, the application of new materials, the application scope of alkyd resin and so on.