The cores of fire warning system are new sensing materials. MXene and its derivatives have high electronic conductivity, large specific surface area, and unique temperature and gas sensitivity, which can realize fast and reliable warning of early fire, showing wide practicability in fire early warning sensors. Herein, the early warning mechanism and the progress of temperature-sensitive MXene-based fire alarms have been reviewed including paper type and coating layer type sensors. Then the early warning mechanism of gas-sensitive MXene-based fire alarms and the development status of MXene and its derivatives in detecting of NH3, NO2, CO, and other gases have also been reviewed. The research progress of MXene-based fire warning sensors in high-performance and multifunctional fire warning system is summarized emphatically, and the future development trend of MXene-based fire warning sensors is forecasted. It is suggested that the future MXene-based fire warning sensors should be optimized through developing new MXene-based sensitive materials to reduce their response time, improve the rapidity and accuracy, and consider giving the device self-healing, electromagnetic shielding, hydrophobic and other multifunctional features. Meanwhile, linking them with the Internet of Things can achieve intelligent fire protection, and further make them more suitable to be used in complex environment and practical engineering field in the future.