Advanced Oxidation Process is widely used in the field of organic pollution degradation, but some problems still exist such as poor catalytic durability and low atomic utilization, which hinder the improvement of its activation performance. In this paper, cerium nitrogen modified hydrochar(Ce-N-HTC) with high catalytic performance was prepared by microwave hydrothermal method from cow dung, urea (C2H4N4) and cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce (NO3) 3·6H2O). The performance of the catalyst was evaluated by activating potassium persulfate to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH). When pH is 7.0,Ce0.3-N-HTC can degrade TCH up to 90.32% in 70 minutes, and bicarbonate ion has a great influence on the degradation rate of TCH. Competitive radical quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiment showed that the catalyst could degrade tetracycline through radical (·OH) and Noradical (1O2). After 6 cycles of experiments, the degradation rate of TCH can still be maintained above 75%, indicating that the prepared Ce-N-HTC has good stability and recoverability.