In this study, a hydrogel with self-healing properties of hydroxypropyl chitosan/oxidized methyl cellulose (HPC/DAMC) was synthesized by chemical cross-linking Schiff base reaction. Firstly, methyl cellulose was used as raw material to prepare oxidized methyl cellulose by sodium periodate. Then, the amino group of hydroxypropyl chitosan reacted with aldehyde group of oxidized methyl cellulose by Schiff base reaction. The micromorphology, swelling properties, mechanical properties, self-healing properties, in vitro degradation properties and sustained-release properties of hydrogels were studied by adjusting the ratio of HPC and DAMC. With the increase of the ratio of HPC to DAMC, the cross-linking density of HPC/DAMC hydrogel increased, the pores became smaller, and the swelling rate decreased. HPC/DAMC self-healing hydrogels had interconnected pores with pore sizes in the range of 80~375 nm. Under the condition of room temperature without stimulation, HPC/DAMC hydrogels could realize self-healing and have good tensile property within 20 min. HPC/DAMC hydrogel has good water retention, and its swelling ratio is 13~17.Under the action of lysozyme, the biodegradation rate of HPC/DAMC self-healing hydrogel can reach 84.2~99.6% after 60 h.. HPC/DAMC hydrogel had a sustained release effect on anticancer drug gemcitabine, and its sustained release effect was up to 96 h, with a drug release rate of 83.2~92.7%.