Zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc oxide (ZnO) have always been hot research materials in the field of photocatalysis owing to their non-toxicity, environmental friendliness, simple synthesis, excellent physical/chemical properties and high catalytic activity. However, single ZnS and ZnO photocatalysts usually suffer from low solar energy utilization, poor quantum efficiency and bad photostability, which greatly limit their practical applications. Constructing ZnS/ZnO heterojunction can effectively broaden the light-absorption wavelength range and simultaneously promote the transfer and spatial separation of carriers, thereby achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability. Herein, the carrier transfer pathways and photocatalytic mechanism of various types of semiconductor heterojunctions (Type II, Z-scheme and S-scheme) are summarized. The research progress of ZnS/ZnO heterojunction in the field of energy and environmental catalysis is reviewed, and the effect factors and improvement strategies of photocatalytic performance are expanded. The existing problems and future development direction of ZnS/ZnO heterojunction are summarized and prospected.