CAR/GEL/PVA active fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning using the biodegradable polymer gelatin (GEL) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as substrates and carvacrol (CAR) as an antioxidant to achieve sustained release of CAR and slow down the oxidative deterioration of foods. The effects of CAR addition on the structure and performance of the fibrous membranes were analyzed by test and characterization of SEM, FTIR, XRD, antioxidant activity, sustained release performance, and peroxide value of olive oil. The results showed that with the increase of CAR addition (Based on the mass of GEL in the solution), the viscosity of the spinning solution increased and the electrical conductivity decreased, and the morphology of the prepared fiber membrane changed from a smaller diameter and uniform distribution to a larger diameter and uneven distribution, thus affecting mechanical properties, the antioxidant properties and sustained release effects of the fibrous membranes. The obtained fitting results of the Ritger-peppas and Weibull model were the best, with the correlation coefficient close to 1. The release mechanism followed Fickian"s law and the best sustained release effect was obtained with the addition of 5% CAR. CAR/GEL/PVA fibrous membranes with high CAR addition could release CAR slowly and had strong antioxidant activity in fatty foods. At the moment of 48h, DPPH radical scavenging rate of the fibrous membranes with 20% CAR addition was 82.4%, which was 50.4% higher than the one without CAR. Meanwhile, the increase of CAR addition could effectively reduce the peroxide value of olive oil.