In order to improve the compatibility of graphene with bismaleimide (BMI) resin matrix and to enable the rapid formation of high-quality self-lubricating transfer films during friction. This paper prepared HBPSi/Ni/GNRs com-posite particles by comodifying graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi) and Ni nanoparticles, and introduced them into BMI resin to prepare HBPSi/Ni/GNRs/BMI composites, and introduced them into BMI resin to prepare HBPSi/Ni/GNRs/BMI composites. FT-IR, SEM, TEM, tribological wear testing ma-chine and molecular dynamics simulation were used to investigate the effects of the structure, morphology and in-troduction of the composite particles and the tribological properties of the composites, and the tribological wear mechanism was investigated. The results showed that HBPSi and Ni nanoparticles were successfully loaded onto the surface of GNRs. HBPSi/Ni/GNRs were able to significantly improve the tribological properties of their BMI composites compared to GNRs. When the filler addition is 0.6 wt%, the friction coefficients and volume wear rate of the HBPSi/Ni/GNRs composites reach their lowest values of 0.18 and 4.5×10-6 mm3/(N.m), respectively. In ad-dition, the molecular dynamics results indicate that the strong interfacial interaction between HBPSi/Ni/GNRs and BMI is the key leading to the enhanced shear resistance of their composites.