Solar steam generation (SSG), as an efficient and sustainable method for obtaining water resources, has received widespread attention in recent years. Biomimetic solar steam evaporator (B-SSG) has shown great potential in improving energy conversion efficiency, reducing salt crystallization, and resisting pollution. This paper reviews the application of bionics in the field of solar steam generation in recent years. The structure, performance, and biomimetic mechanism of B-SSG were compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of different types of biomimetic evaporators were discussed. The common problems faced by B-SSG were explored, and future research challenges were proposed. This provides a theoretical analysis basis for achieving efficient water purification of B-SSG. The B-SSG designed based on biomimetic principles has broad application prospects and plays an important role in solving problems such as freshwater resource scarcity and energy shortage.