High-temperature resistant nonwoven filtration materials with excellent heat resistance and structural strength are the preferred choice in industrial high-temperature fume treatment technology.This paper reviews the recent research progress in the preparation technology and functionalized modification of high temperature resistant nonwoven filtration materials.Firstly, the preparation technology and filtration mechanism of high-temperature resistant nonwoven filtration materials are elaborated, and the advantages and shortcomings of the preparation technologies of needle-punching, hydroentanglement, meltblown spinning, electrostatic spinning, centrifugal spinning, and airflow spinning are compared to the advantages and shortcomings of each preparation technology, and the five main filtration mechanisms affecting the filtration efficiency of fibrous materials, including Brownian diffusion, inertial impact, gravitational sedimentation, particle interception, and electrostatic adsorption, are briefly described.Then focusing on the finishing process and functionalization modification strategy of high temperature resistant filter materials.Introduction of special functional groups through coating finishing, laminating treatment and sol-gel impregnation, especially the use of surface modification, nanotechnology integration and catalyst application, to enhance the ability of high-temperature resistant filter materials to catalyze denitrification and desulfurization and to degrade dioxins, adsorb heavy metals and other treatment of specific pollutants.Finally, the direction of further improvement of high-temperature resistant nonwoven filtration materials in terms of heat resistance, mechanical stability, and environmental performance is envisioned.